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techtalk:ref:tools120 [2018/05/21 07:47] – ↷ Page name changed from techtalk:ref:tools01-020 to techtalk:ref:tools120 ixl2relaxtechtalk:ref:tools120 [2024/01/23 21:23] (current) – hippysmack
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 [[:techtalk:menu|{{  :techtalk:gototechnicalmenu.jpg|}}]] [[:techtalk:menu|{{  :techtalk:gototechnicalmenu.jpg|}}]]
-====== REF: Tools - Sub-020 ======+====== REF: Tools - 120 ======
 ====== Tap and Die ====== ====== Tap and Die ======
 +See also in the Sportsterpedia:
 +
 +  * [[techtalk:ref:genmsr11|Cutting Oils, Soaking Oils and Lubes]]
 +  * [[techtalk:ref:tools030#general_drilling_and_tapping|General Drilling and Tapping]]
  
-  * See also [[techtalk:ref:notes105|Cutting Oils, Soaking Oils and Lubes]]  
 ===== Taps ===== ===== Taps =====
 ==== Types of Taps ==== ==== Types of Taps ====
- 
      * Tapered straight fluted- has a long tapered end, makes it easier to start and straighten an untapped hole or align to an existing hole       * Tapered straight fluted- has a long tapered end, makes it easier to start and straighten an untapped hole or align to an existing hole 
      * Bottoming straight fluted- which are near flat ended wit a slight end taper, made to get threads to the bottom of a blind hole      * Bottoming straight fluted- which are near flat ended wit a slight end taper, made to get threads to the bottom of a blind hole
      * Plug type straight fluted- plug chamfer style for thru hole applications or blind holes with sufficient clearance ((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))      * Plug type straight fluted- plug chamfer style for thru hole applications or blind holes with sufficient clearance ((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))
      * Spiral fluted Tap- brings chips out of the hole, good for blind holes ((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))      * Spiral fluted Tap- brings chips out of the hole, good for blind holes ((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))
-     * Spiral Pointed Taps- have angular flutes at the front end of the tap to propel the chips ahead of the tap. This feature plus the excellent shearing action of the flute make spiral pointed taps ideal for production tapping of thru holes.((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))+     * Spiral Pointed Taps- have angular flutes at the front end of the tap to propel the chips ahead of the tap. \\ This feature plus the excellent shearing action of the flute make spiral pointed taps ideal for production tapping of thru holes.((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))
   * Taps are also made with different numbers of flutes: 2,3,4 and 6 fluted versions   * Taps are also made with different numbers of flutes: 2,3,4 and 6 fluted versions
-    * Wider flutes make the two flute taps ideal for horizontal tapping while three flute taps are suggested for use in deep, or blind holes in soft, stringy materials. They provide more room in the flutes for chip removal than four flute taps. ((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm))  +    * Wider flutes make the two flute taps ideal for horizontal tapping while three flute taps are suggested for use in deep, or blind holes in soft, stringy materials. \\ They provide more room in the flutes for chip removal than four flute taps. ((http://besly.com/stdtaps.htm)) 
- +
-===== Thread Tap and Drill sizes ===== +
- +
-==== NPT ====  +
-    * Pipe threads come either straight (nps) or tapered (npt).  ((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
- +
-    * Both are based on the pipe outside diameter as follows: +
-    * 1/8 pipe = .405 pipe dia.  ((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
- +
-    * 1/4 pipe = .540 dia.  ((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
- +
-    * 3/8 pipe = .675 dia.  ((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
- +
-    * The above sizes are the major dia of the male straight thread (as the pipe od is the major) and major dia. of tapered male thread at its big end (if fitting is made to the americian standard). ((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
-    * The tapered thread has diameter reduced on a taper of .0625 per inch of thread length. Almost all hardware store fittings will be tapered thread.((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
- +
-    * Little known fact: All iron heads pipe threads used in cases, rocker boxes, and oil pumps are straight female thread, fitted with tapered thread male fittings.((DR DICK of the XLFORUM  http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1810036&highlight=tap+die&page=2)) +
- +
-==== NPSC Tap Drill Sizes ==== +
- +
-^Tap / Thread Size  ^Drill Size  | +
-|1/8-27  |11/32  | +
-|1/4-18  |7/16  | +
-|3/8-18  |37/64  | +
- +
-\\ +
- +
-==== SAE and Metric Tap Drill Sizes ==== +
- +
-Below are standard pre-drill sizes for size taps used. These are common drill sizes and they are sufficient for most applications on a Sportster.  +
- +
-^  SAE Tap  ^  Drill Size  ^  Drill Bit  | ^  Metric Tap  ^  Drill Bit  | +
-^  Thread size   ^  #/Letter  ^  Diameter- in  | ^  Thread Size  ^  Diameter- mm / in  | +
-|6-32  |  36  |0.1065 in ^ |M3 x 0.5 |2.50 mm   / 0.0984 in   | +
-|6-40  |  33  |0.1130 in  ^ |M3.5 x 0.6 |2.90 mm   / 0.1142 in   | +
-|8-32 / 8-36  |  29  |0.1360 in  ^ |M4 x 0.7 |3.30 mm  / 0.1299 in  | +
-|10-24  |  25  |0.1495 in   ^ |M4.5 x 0.75 |3.70 mm / 0.1457 in   | +
-|10-32  |  21  |0.1590 in   ^ |M5 x 0.8 |4.20 mm   / 0.1654 in   | +
-|12-24  |  16  |0.1770 in   ^ |M6 x 1 |5.00 mm  / 0.1968 in  | +
-|12-28  |  14  |0.1820 in   ^ |M7 x 1 |6.00 mm / 0.2362 in  | +
-|1/4-20  |  7  |0.2010 in  ^ |M8 x 1.25 |6.70 mm  / 0.2638 in  | +
-|1/4-28  |  3  |0.2130 in   ^ |M8 x 1 |7.00 mm  / 0.2756 in  | +
-|5/16-18  |  F  |0.2570 in  ^ |M10 x 1.5 |8.50 mm  / 0.3346 in  | +
-|5/16-24  |  I  |0.2720 in  ^ |M10 x 1.25 |8.70 mm  / 0.3425 in  | +
-|3/8-16  |  5/16  |0.3125 in  ^ |M12 x 1.75 |10.20 mm  / 0.4016 in  | +
-|3/8-24  |  Q  |0.3320 in  ^ |M12 x 1.25 |10.80 mm  / 0.4252 in  | +
-|7/16-14  |  U  |0.3680 in  ^ |M14 x 2 |12.00 mm  / 0.4724 in  | +
-|7/16-20 |  25/64  |0.3906 in  ^ |M14 x 1.5 |12.50 mm  / 0.4921 in  | +
-|1/2-13  |  27/64  |0.4219 in  ^ |M16 x 2 |14.00 mm  / 0.5512 in  | +
-|1/2-20  |  29/64  |0.4531 in  ^ |M16 x 1.5 |14.50 mm  / 0.5709 in  | +
- +
- +
-Threads can be cut to a tighter or looser fit depending on the needs or sometimes availability of drill bit sizes. For instance, drill bits are available in a wide variety of sets or kits. The most common sizes are usually the ones that are provided. However, many suppliers carry a drill index kit which comes with a huge amount of drill bits in step sizes. Some are in 1/32 steps and some are in one thousandths increments. So, if you want a close tolerance fit on a 3/8"x16 threaded connection, you could use a 0.2969" pre-drill or for a looser fit you could use a 0.3230" pre-drill. Even with a standard 0.3125" drill bit, a hand drill is not going to produce a straight hole every time. If you have to over compensate with it and wallow out the hole just a bit to get it straight, you may be producing a looser threaded connection without realizing it. Care should be taken on tighter pre-drilled holes since it creates more friction and heat when tapping than a standard or slightly larger hole and it can lead to breaking taps off in the hole or cracking the piece you're working on. ((hippysmack from the XLFORUM)) +
- +
-\\ +
- +
----- +
- +
-====== Removing a Broken Tap ====== +
-  * The best way to remove a broken tap is to use a small hole punch to the center of the broken tap and smack it with a hammer while exploding the hardened tap. You don't stand a chance at drilling it out without damaging the hole/ threads and chances are since pressure was enough to break the tap, it'll take more pressure than that to remove the broken lil stubby that's left. ((hippysmack)) ((Article by Oldrump1 [[http://xlforum.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1959533]]))+
  
 +{{:techtalk:ref:tools:types_of_taps_by_dr_dick.jpg?direct&300|}} ((photo by Dr Dick, annotated by Hippysmack of the XLFORUM https://www.xlforum.net/forum/sportster-motorcycle-forum/sportster-motorcycle-era-specific-and-model-specific/ironhead-sportster-motorcycle-talk-1957-1985/160109-changing-out-cam-bushings-help-on-a-couple-of-questions-appreciated?t=1717904))
  
 ====== Tap Wrenches ====== ====== Tap Wrenches ======
 ===== Standard Tap Wrench (spanner) ===== ===== Standard Tap Wrench (spanner) =====
- 
   * It's used with two hands with equal force from both ends. The tap wrench (that usually comes in the kits off the shelf) is either made of cast or cheap metal. These may distort around the tap area or simply break during use. The higher end tap wrenches (usually bought separately) are solid steel with a hardened plunger. These will usually hold a tap tighter and you'd have to abuse the wrench to break it.     * It's used with two hands with equal force from both ends. The tap wrench (that usually comes in the kits off the shelf) is either made of cast or cheap metal. These may distort around the tap area or simply break during use. The higher end tap wrenches (usually bought separately) are solid steel with a hardened plunger. These will usually hold a tap tighter and you'd have to abuse the wrench to break it.  
   * One end of the handle will screw toward the tap, in some fashion,  to hold it.   * One end of the handle will screw toward the tap, in some fashion,  to hold it.
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     * "V" shaped plungers can break with too much turning torque applied when used with round tooling.     * "V" shaped plungers can break with too much turning torque applied when used with round tooling.
  
 +|Standard tap wrenches.  ((photo by Hippysmack))|No name, cheap metal. (center distorted) But, it has \\ ran many taps. Holds the tap via a threaded handle. ((photo by Hippysmack))|Hand made tap wrench ((photo by Freewheeler of the XLFORUM https://www.xlforum.net/forum/sportster-motorcycle-forum/sportster-motorcycle-era-specific-and-model-specific/ironhead-sportster-motorcycle-talk-1957-1985/172781-helicoiling-the-primary-drain-plug?t=1852458&highlight=stripped+plug))|
 +|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrenches_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_3_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{:techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_by_freewheeler.jpg?direct&300|}}|
  
- +|This Starrett 91D, [[http://www.starrett.com/metrology/product-detail/91D|specs here]] (for tap sizes 5/16" - 3/4") has a "V" shaped plunger which allows you to grip and hold square and round tooling. \\ One use for this feature is using the tap wrench to turn a reamer for bushings. \\ Holds the tap / tooling via an internal plunger pushed up by the knurled threaded handle ((photos by Hippysmack))|||
-|Standard tap wrenches.  ((photo by Hippysmack))|No name, cheap metal. (center distorted) But, it has \\ ran many taps. Holds the tap via a threaded handle. ((photo by Hippysmack))| +
-|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrenches_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_3_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}| +
- +
-|This Starrett 91D, [[http://www.starrett.com/metrology/product-detail/91D|specs here]] (for tap sizes 5/16" - 3/4") has a "V" shaped plunger which allows you to grip and hold square and round tooling. \\ One use for this feature is using the tap wrench to turn a reamer for bushings. Holds the tap / tooling via an internal plunger pushed up by the knurled threaded handle ((photos by Hippysmack))|||+
 |{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_2-_starrett_91d_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_1-_starrett_91d_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_1_w_reamer_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}| |{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_2-_starrett_91d_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_1-_starrett_91d_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|{{techtalk:ref:tools:tap_wrench_1_w_reamer_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}}|
  
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   * The T-handle tap wrench has jaws centered around the tap that are held tight against it via a collet system. Most of them are built basically the same no matter the who makes it. However, due to material and workmanship, some 'feel' better than others.   * The T-handle tap wrench has jaws centered around the tap that are held tight against it via a collet system. Most of them are built basically the same no matter the who makes it. However, due to material and workmanship, some 'feel' better than others.
   * **Advantages**:    * **Advantages**: 
 +    * The smaller design yields less torque at the handle than a standard tap wrench which may help keep from breaking a tap off in the hole (when ran in to 'hard resistance' and backed out repeatedly).
     * It's small enough to be used with one hand.     * It's small enough to be used with one hand.
     * The handle is shorter than standard tap wrenches allowing for use in tighter conditions.     * The handle is shorter than standard tap wrenches allowing for use in tighter conditions.
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 |{{techtalk:ref:tools:spindlemount_tap_wrench_2_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}} ((photo by Hippysmack))|{{techtalk:ref:tools:spindlemount_tap_wrench_4_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}} ((photo by Hippysmack))| |{{techtalk:ref:tools:spindlemount_tap_wrench_2_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}} ((photo by Hippysmack))|{{techtalk:ref:tools:spindlemount_tap_wrench_4_by_hippysmack.jpg?direct&300|}} ((photo by Hippysmack))|
-====== Wrench Options for Taps ====== 
  
 +====== Wrench Options for Taps ======
   * Although the use of proper tap wrenches will allow you to cut the best threaded holes, there are certain situations where they are cumbersome or too big to fit the application.    * Although the use of proper tap wrenches will allow you to cut the best threaded holes, there are certain situations where they are cumbersome or too big to fit the application. 
  

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