A

Anti-lock Braking System - “An anti-lock braking system (ABS) is a safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road surface according to driver inputs while braking, preventing the wheels from locking up (ceasing rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding. It is an automated system that uses the principles of threshold braking and cadence braking which were practiced by skillful drivers with previous generation braking systems. It does this at a much faster rate and with better control than a driver could manage.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system ¹⁾

Air Cleaner or Air Filter - Helps to stop dirt and other objects from getting into the carburetor and thus into the engine.

The European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (or Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles in French, hence the ACEA abbreviation) is an organization that represents the 15 most important European motor vehicle manufacturers. It's the successor of CCMC (Comité des Constructeurs du Marché Commun). According to their statement, ACEA is an advocate for the automobile industry in Europe, representing manufacturers of passenger cars, vans, trucks and buses with production sites in the EU. ²⁾

A compound mixed to the base oil in order to modify its properties or performance³⁾.

Parts and companies that sell non-OEM items.

An internal combustion engine cooled by a flow of air directed toward the hot parts of the engine.

A hexagonal wrench (typically bent in a “L” shape) that fits in a screw head with a hexagonal hole in it. It's good for one to have both straight and bent Allen wrenches to work on a Sporty. The Allen wrenches that are built into a standard socket for use with a socket wrench are useful when trying to obtain torque specs with bolts. ⁴⁾

Electric current produced by an alternator. This current requires conversion to direct current by a rectifier for charging purposes. ⁵⁾

A motorcycle alternator converts kinetic energy (power of motion) into electrical energy to charge the battery. The alternator is made up of two parts; the stator and the flywheel. The flywheel contains permanent magnets and spins around the stator to create energy. ⁶⁾

American Motorcyclist Association - An American nonprofit organization of more than 200,000 motorcyclists that organizes numerous motorcycling activities and campaigns for motorcyclists' legal rights. Its mission statement is “to promote the motorcycling lifestyle and protect the future of motorcycling.” The organization was founded in 1924 and as of October 2013 had more than 1,200 chartered clubs. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Motorcyclist_Association ⁷⁾

Abbreviation of Amperes. The flow rate of available electrical current as measured usually with a Digital Multi-meter also known as a DMM or Volt Meter. Current = Volts ÷ Ohms.

Abbreviated (Ah). A measure of battery capacity. ⁸⁾

A torque value as expressed in degrees and is often used after pre- torque with a conventional tightening torque value when installing heads or main bearing bolts. ⁹⁾

A small child ¹⁰⁾

An attachment to the lower leg of front forks to prevent the front end from diving (collapsing the lower leg into the upper leg) while hard braking. ¹¹⁾

An additive to reduce the foaming of petroleum products. Can be silicone to destroy the surface bubbles or polymer to reduce the count of small internal bubbles.

Typically Ethylene Glycol mixed with water to prevent freezing and prevent rust from an engine coolant system. ¹²⁾

* The action of exhaust creeping back up into straight pipes (dragpipes) because of no back pressure causes low-end torque to suffer in the 2000-3000 rpm range. In order to eliminate reversion, some type of baffle, lollipop or anti-reversion cone (sometimes referred to as a 'torque cone') is needed. ¹³⁾

An applied coating to fasteners to help prevent seizing under high temps, i.e. exhaust clamp bolts/ nuts. ¹⁴⁾

An additive that creates a thin layer with good adhesive properties in order to prevent metal-to-metal contact at high-load spots.¹⁵⁾Active ingredients which aim to reduce wear in mixed friction areas; a distinction is made between:¹⁶⁾

• Mild-acting additives such as fatty acids, fatty oils (highly polar, surface-active substances), metal dithiophosphates, etc.
• High-pressure additives made of lead, sulphur, chlorine, phosphorous connections, etc.
• Solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenum disulphide, etc. – see EP additives.

A quality standard for 4- stroke motor oils. ¹⁷⁾

High handlebars so Biker's hands are at or above their shoulder height

Hydrocarbon compounds with cyclic molecular structures. They produce viscosity temperature characteristics in lubricants and have a bad effect on resistance to oxidation. Added to fuel for spark-ignition engines to prevent combustion knock. The percentages added are increasingly being limited on account of their carcinogenic effect.¹⁸⁾

Afternoon ¹⁹⁾

A natural fibrous mineral commonly used to manufacture brake friction pads due to it's high heat resistance. Asbestos can be a health hazard if not kept contained. A fine powder residue is a by-product of the use of friction padded brake systems. This powder is an imminent health hazard if inhaled or ingested. Caution, wear your PPE while working on brakes or other asbestos containing materials.

Metallic residue/ mineral deposits formed due to the high temperature in the combustion chamber or on other engine parts that remain after lubricants have been burnt, in the form of oxides (oxide ash) or sulphate (sulphate ash after sulphuric acid has been added).²⁰⁾

ASTM - American Society of Testing Materials - Organization that sets standards worldwide for everything from bolts to electrical wiring. Their testing methods show up on all things including lubricants and filters. ²¹⁾

Automatic transmission fluid often used in front forks and Sporty transmissions.

Automatic Timing Unit. A mechanical device that is used for advancing the ignition timing on early engines.

A steel bolt running thru the bike frame and wheel on which the wheel rolls. AKA (Spindle)

A measurement of side to side movement. ²²⁾